Flora and Fauna in India


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Flora and Fauna in India

Flora and Fauna: Earth is a habitat for humans along with other living beings, The Earth has immense biodiversity with micro-organisms and bacteria, lichens to banyan trees, elephant ,whales etc. Human along with all living organisms inclusively form a complex web of ecological systems, where forests play a key role as primary producers on which other living beings depend. Biodiversity or biological diversity exists in plants and wildlife through multiple network of inter dependencies.

Flora and Fauna In India: In India, there a variety of flora (plants) and fauna (animals) are found. Thus, it is one of the world's richest countries in terms of biological diversity. It has about 8 per cent (around 1.6 million) of the total number of species of plants and animals known in the world. However, at least 10 per cent of India's wild flora and 20 per cent of its mammals are on the threatened list. Some of them are categorised as critical, i.e., on the verge of extinction. These include animals like the cheetah, mountain quail, pink-headed duck and forest spotted owlet as well as plants like, Madhuca insignis (a wild variety of mahua) and Hubbardia heptaneuron (a species of grass).

Facts Related to Flora and Fauna:-

  • Till now 81,000 species of fauna and 47,000 species of flora are found in India. Of the estimated 47,000 plant species, about 15,000 flowering species are endemic (indigenous) to India.
  •  The number of threatened fauna in India includes 79 species of mammals, 44 of birds, 15 of reptiles and 3 of amphibians. About 1,500 plant species are considered endangered in India.
  • Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    What factors are responsible for the distribution of plants and animals in India?

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 2

    Which of the following is a migratory bird?

    Right Option : C
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Which of the following terms is used to denote plants of a particular region or period ?

    Right Option : B
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    Explanation
     
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